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Breath · Week 1 of 8

A series on the Spirit of God

Borrowed Breath

Every breath you take is God's breath, on loan. That isn't a threat hanging over your life. It's the reason to sing.

Psalm 104:24–35 · with Job 27:2–6 · CEB

Watch the sermon

The short version

If you only have a minute.

  1. Psalm 104 says every living thing depends on God for its food and its breath: the lions, the badgers, the sea monster, and us.
  2. Most of us live like owners of our lives, but the psalm says we're receivers. The breath was borrowed all along.
  3. This week, when you catch yourself holding your breath, breathe out and say four words: "Your breath, not mine."

Read it slowly

Psalm 104:27–30

27 All your creations wait for you
to give them their food on time.
28 When you give it to them,
they gather it up;
when you open your hand,
they are filled completely full!
29 But when you hide your face,
they are terrified;
when you take away their breath,
they die and return to dust.
30 When you let loose your breath,
they are created,
and you make the surface of the ground brand-new again.

Common English Bible. Read all of Psalm 104

The sermon

From owner to receiver

01 · Outside with the psalmist

Psalm 104 starts with a man talking to himself. "Let my whole being bless the Lord!" Nobody else is in the room. He's preaching to himself.

Then he goes outside and starts noticing things. God wears light like a robe. God rides the clouds like a chariot. And then a line that would have sounded bold in his world: "You make the winds your messengers" (v. 4). The nations around Israel looked at the wind and the storm and the lightning and saw gods.1 The psalmist looks at the same sky and says: those aren't gods. They're servants. The wind runs errands.

He watches wild donkeys drinking at the springs. Birds singing in the branches. Who are those birds even singing for? Most of us walk right past them. The psalmist looks at it all and says: that's God. That's just what God does. Nobody earned the rain.

He even looks at dinner that way. Bread, wine, olive oil (vv. 14–15). He sees the rain on the mountain, the grass, the grain, the hands that farmed it… and he puts God at the front of the line. Most of us look at the same loaf of bread and see a price tag.

Then comes a contrast that's easy to miss. Night falls, and verse 21 says, "The young lions roar for their prey, seeking their food from God." Two verses later the sun comes up and "people go off to their work, to do their work until evening" (v. 23). The lions are seeking their food from God. The people just go to work. Nobody mentions God.2

It's almost like a check on us. The lions know where dinner comes from. We think it comes from the job. On Sunday I put the psalmist's point this way: "Don't forget that work is a gift." I know plenty of people who work as hard as humanly possible and barely scrape by. Sometimes someone works that hard, and then something happens and they lose everything. It was never all because of us.

02 · Everything is waiting on the breath

Then the psalm steps back and takes in the whole scene: "The earth is full of your creations!" (v. 24). The Hebrew word under "creations" is a word for property. One commentary puts it plainly: "the earth is full of your possessions."5 The lions, the goats, the badgers, the sea monster, the people sitting in traffic. All of it is God's.

I feel this more now that I have a mortgage payment. I can tell myself this land is my property. Technically I don't fully own it yet. And even if I did, somebody owned it before I was alive. Somebody claimed it a long time ago, when it was just woods and animals ran across it. Maybe in a hundred years that house won't even be there, and I won't even be a blip on that deed.

So often we think of ourselves as owners: owners of our own lives, of what we have, of what we can acquire. The psalm says we are receivers. Then it shows us how, in verses 27–30. Everything is waiting. Not standing-in-line waiting… leaning-forward waiting. Waiting on the breath of God.

We try to hold on to everything: the calendar, the outcomes, our kids, our health, the retirement plan. But as I said on Sunday, "you hold your breath for too long and what happens? You pass out." We were never meant to be the owners. We were meant to receive.

03 · Job swears by the God he's arguing with

Maybe you heard all that and thought: that's nice, Pastor, but I still have to work every day. I still have to make the payments. And some weeks I don't feel like praising the Lord with my breath, because of what has happened.

That's why I love that the Bible has Job in it. Job loses everything. Then his friends spend twenty-some chapters explaining that it must be his fault. Listen to how he answers them:

As God lives,
who rejected my legal claim,
the Almighty, who made me bitter,
as long as breath is in me
and God's breath is in my nostrils—
(Job 27:2–3)

"As God lives" is how you swore an oath.7 It's like swearing on the Bible in a courtroom. And Job swears by the very God he thinks is against him. One commentary says it well: "Job swears by the God who is punishing him."8

One more thing about the word "bitter." One commentator says Job "is not talking about bitter feelings but about the objective bitterness of the fate God has imposed on him."9 Job isn't confessing a bad attitude. He's saying what happened to him is bitter. Some of us need permission to say that out loud.

And notice verse 3: "God's breath is in my nostrils." Job knows whose breath it is, the same thing the psalmist knows. And he uses that breath to argue with God. He won't let go of God, even while he's accusing him.

So if you're angry at God right now, use the breath. It's his. He can take it. You can use it to sing, and you can use it to scream. Both count as talking to God.

04 · Not a landlord

If God owns it all, is God just a landlord, coming around for the rent? Not in this psalm. "Let the Lord's glory last forever! Let the Lord rejoice in all he has made!" (v. 31). The owner of everything isn't checking the books. He's enjoying it. He waters mountains no one thinks about. He puts birds in trees so they can sing.

And the psalmist, who has just admitted that every creature returns to dust, knows he's one of them. Here's what he does with that:

I will sing to the Lord as long as I live;
I will sing praises to my God
while I'm still alive.
(Psalm 104:33)

"While I'm still alive." That's a man who knows the loan comes due, and decides what to spend it on. He doesn't skip over the hard things in life. He says, even in the middle of all of it, I have borrowed breath in my lungs, and that breath is God's.

One more breath

What about the last breath?

Verse 29 may be the hardest line in the psalm: "when you take away their breath, they die and return to dust." If you've ever sat by a bed and counted breaths, you know why it lands heavy. On Sunday I passed it in one sentence. Here is what I had written and didn't say.

First, the psalm doesn't pretend. The words "they are terrified" are right there in verse 29. Scripture doesn't ask you to smile about death. One commentator says the psalm "recognizes the dark side to creation—darkness as well as light, hunger as well as sufficiency, death as well as life…"10

Second, listen to the word. Our Bibles say "take away." But the Hebrew verb, ʾāsap, is the ordinary word for gathering. It's what you do when you bring in a harvest, or bring someone home.11 Some commentators translate this line "you gather up their breath."12 The same verb is what the Old Testament uses when Abraham dies. Our Bible says Abraham "was placed with his ancestors." The King James Version keeps the Hebrew picture: he "was gathered to his people" (Genesis 25:8). It even shows up earlier in this psalm: at sunrise the lions "gather together" in their dens (v. 22).13 The lions gather home in the morning. And God gathers the breath.

Now hear me. I am not telling you why anybody died. The psalm doesn't do that, and I won't either. If someone told you God took your person for a reason, I'm sorry. That isn't in this text. What's in this text is whose hands the breath is in.

Third, the psalm doesn't stop in the dust. Verse 30: "When you let loose your breath, they are created, and you make the surface of the ground brand-new again." The last word of that stanza isn't dust. It's brand-new. That isn't an explanation. It's a place to stand.

Try this week

When you catch yourself holding your breath this week, breathe out and say four words: "Your breath, not mine."

You'll catch yourself in the car, in a meeting, in a hospital hallway, on the phone. It isn't a magic trick. You'll probably still be angry, and you'll still want to control everything. Say it anyway, and say it again. The more we say it, the more we stop trying to own everything and simply receive the gifts of God.

For your table

Talk it over

For a small group, a family dinner, or a walk with a friend.

  1. Read Psalm 104:21 and 104:23 side by side. What do the lions do that the people don't?
  2. Where do you live most like an owner right now: your calendar, your health, your kids, your money, your work? What would it look like to hold that one thing like something lent to you?
  3. Job uses God's own breath to argue with God. Were you ever taught that you shouldn't bring anger to God? What would it look like to bring it honestly this week?

Notes

  1. D. L. Thompson, B. L. Ross, and A. Varughese, Psalms 73–150: A Commentary in the Wesleyan Tradition, ed. A. Varughese and G. Lyons, New Beacon Bible Commentary (Beacon Hill Press of Kansas City, 2020), on 104:2–4.↩
  2. Thompson, Ross, and Varughese, Psalms 73–150, on 104:19–23, which calls it ironic that the lions are the ones who recognize their food as a gift from God.↩
  3. Thompson, Ross, and Varughese, Psalms 73–150, on 104:25–26, which identifies Leviathan with the dragon whose heads God "crushed" in Psalm 74:14, "the seven-headed dragon of Ugaritic tales"; John Goldingay, Psalms for Everyone, Part 2: Psalms 73–150 (Westminster John Knox Press; Society for Promoting Christian Knowledge, 2014), on Psalm 104.↩
  4. Goldingay, Psalms for Everyone, Part 2, on Psalm 104.↩
  5. Thompson, Ross, and Varughese, Psalms 73–150, on 104:24. The Hebrew word is qinyān, "acquisitions," "possessions" or "property." Goldingay's own translation of the verse reads the same way.↩
  6. John Goldingay, Genesis for Everyone, Part 1: Chapters 1–16 (Westminster John Knox Press; Society for Promoting Christian Knowledge, 2010), on 1:1; Ludwig Koehler and Walter Baumgartner, The Hebrew and Aramaic Lexicon of the Old Testament (Leiden: Brill, 1994–2000), s.v. "ברא" (Psalm 104:30, "to be created").↩
  7. A. W. Bowes, Job: A Commentary in the Wesleyan Tradition, ed. A. Varughese and G. Lyons, New Beacon Bible Commentary (Beacon Hill Press, 2018), on 27:2–4.↩
  8. Bowes, Job, on 27:2–4.↩
  9. John Goldingay, Job for Everyone (Westminster John Knox Press; Society for Promoting Christian Knowledge, 2013), on 27:1–23.↩
  10. Goldingay, Psalms for Everyone, Part 2, on Psalm 104.↩
  11. Koehler and Baumgartner, Hebrew and Aramaic Lexicon, s.v. "אסף." The lexicon itself files Psalm 104:29 under the sense "to withdraw, take away"; gathering a harvest is the verb's first and ordinary sense.↩
  12. Goldingay, Psalms for Everyone, Part 2, on Psalm 104 ("you gather up their breath"); Thompson, Ross, and Varughese, Psalms 73–150, on 104:29–30 ("you would gather up … their breath").↩
  13. Koehler and Baumgartner, Hebrew and Aramaic Lexicon, s.v. "אסף," which lists both being gathered to one's relatives, meaning to die (Genesis 25:8), and the beasts of prey withdrawing to their dens (Psalm 104:22) under the same verb.↩

Go deeper

Where this came from

Sources behind this sermon

  • A. W. Bowes, Job: A Commentary in the Wesleyan Tradition, ed. A. Varughese and G. Lyons, New Beacon Bible Commentary (Beacon Hill Press, 2018)
  • John Goldingay, Genesis for Everyone, Part 1: Chapters 1–16 (Westminster John Knox Press; Society for Promoting Christian Knowledge, 2010)
  • John Goldingay, Job for Everyone (Westminster John Knox Press; Society for Promoting Christian Knowledge, 2013)
  • John Goldingay, Psalms for Everyone, Part 2: Psalms 73–150 (Westminster John Knox Press; Society for Promoting Christian Knowledge, 2014)
  • Ludwig Koehler and Walter Baumgartner, The Hebrew and Aramaic Lexicon of the Old Testament (Leiden: Brill, 1994–2000)
  • D. L. Thompson, B. L. Ross, and A. Varughese, Psalms 73–150: A Commentary in the Wesleyan Tradition, ed. A. Varughese and G. Lyons, New Beacon Bible Commentary (Beacon Hill Press of Kansas City, 2020)
  • BibleProject, the Spirit of God podcast series

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Scripture quotations marked CEB are from the Common English Bible. Copyright © 2011 by Common English Bible.